Время науки - The Times of Science

Время науки The Times of science 2021 43 this Turkish study discovered that female education has a favourable effect on productivity, whereas male education has a neutral or minor effect. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that the gender disparity in educational attainment has a negative influence on production. The educational gender divide has a negative effect on productivity in both existing and emerging sectors, highlighting the critical role of female education in Afghanistan’s development and progress. Caselli, Esquivel, and Lefort [4] originally exposed these vulnerabilities during the Barro and Lee investigations. They stated that growth equations do not account for men’s and women’s educational achievement. Country-specific effects could have been interpreted incorrectly, resulting in an omitted variable bias. This could also be the result of an omission of the likelihood that education and growth are related. The researchers solved the simultaneous problem using both GMM estimation, which eliminates country-specific effects, and instrumental variable estimation, which uses lagged values of the independent variables. For this panel study, data from 97 nations were acquired from cross- country observations done at five-year intervals between 1960 and 1985. The findings were calculated using Mankiw, Romer, and Weil [5] and Barro-Lee generic estimating equations. Their findings were diametrically opposed to those of Barro and Lee. Barro and Lee’s analysis discovered a trend in favour of female education while indicating a trend in favour of male education, reversing the previous study’s conclusions. Indeed, “both findings are surprising, taking into account the fact that no hypothesis is consistent with distinct signals for male and female human capital”. Yamarik and Ghosh [6], as well as Forbes [7], employ a system GMM estimator to account for missing variables and endogeneity biases. Their findings corroborate ours, and they conclude that female education has a statistically significant positive effect on development. In the case of men’s education, either no effect (Forbes) or a statistically significant effect on growth was discovered. This study will examine the effect of gender equality on economic growth in Afghanistan’s contemporary market. The project’s objective mandates that the following challenges be addressed: the first stage in this process is to gather data and compare the results of these efforts in order to determine the precise role and influence of gender equality on the country’s economic growth. The second phase is to determine the impact of gender equality on the country’s economic growth. Research methodology Although this topic has a strong theoretical and methodological base in international practise, it is a relatively recent subject of study for domestic economic growth [8]. Through a thorough analysis of trustworthy literary sources, this study identified gender differences in the Afghanistan Republic’s labour market potential (KR). Through comparison and synthesis, gender equality in the Afghanistan Republic was established, and practical recommendations for ensuring the country’s stable economic growth were made as a result. The researchers are examining the socioeconomic situation of men and women in the United States as part of the study.