Исследовательский потенциал молодых ученых: взгляд в будущее

47 implies the desire to understand the thinking of the nation, to see the world through the eyes of native speakers. Overcoming the cultural shock, a person is reborn, as it acquires a completely new understanding of life, learns new values. When we get into a foreign culture, we can expect completely unusual, incomprehensible, "strange" things in our opinion, people's reactions in communication situations, their behavior, etc. For example, the ubiquitous "attendant" smile, so characteristic of representatives of American various culture, but inexplicable from the positions of representatives of the Russian and Ka- zakh communities. According to some researchers, culture and its values are largely found in people's behavior. When we talk about engaging in culture, we are actually engaging in behav- ior. It is behavior that we perceive as the most basic manifestation of culture [5, p. 139]. An important value in getting to know and master the culture of a foreign country is the assimilation of discursive behavior, so behavior during a conversation. It consists not only in the features of politeness in various situations of etiquette, but also takes into account the distance between the interlocutors, which is established by social sta- tus in society, communication conditions, various psychological characteristics, as well as national traditions, customs, and rituals. In relation to national traditions, the example given by V. I. Safyanov with refer- ence to the study of I. Atvater is indicative: "Residents of Latin America and the Med- iterranean countries establish a closer communication distance than residents of North- ern Europe. The distance between speakers decreases from the North of Europe to the South (the same pattern was observed for residents of North and South America). If for a resident of the UK, a pleasant natural distance is one and a half to two meters, then for a resident of Greece, a meter is enough. In addition, the social position of the inter- locutors during the conversation and their specific gestures may differ: Americans and Englishmen are positioned to the side of the interlocutor, while Swedes tend to avoid this position. The Arabs tilt their heads forward” [6, р. 12]. In order to avoid a communicative failure in the process of communication, you should know and take into account such features. As a sample of the differences in eti- quette behavior in some countries of Europe and Asia here is an example of the treatment of woman In Uzbekistan revered woman: every educated and self-respecting man and today not hesitate to give way to older women or a woman with a child, even if she's young. In America, however, when conducted observations of people who have visited this country, it is not customary to give way to a woman or a girl, as this may emphasize her physical weakness in relation to a man or even her age. Summing up, we can say that multiple cultures have diverse perceptions of the interlocutor. It is necessary to pay attention to the connotation of words, shades of meaning. If in one language many words have positive connotations, and in other cul- tures, they can be used with a negative connotation and vice versa. Now the whole world has realized it, and therefore the problems of intercultural communication are relevant and have great significance in the communication of peoples and nations.